Escape apparatus for submarine boats.



D. C. MARSHALL. ESCAPE APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINE BOATS, I

APPLICATION HLED APR-20, {5M5- Patented Feb. 29, 191 6.

INVENTOR B 5 2 1/ 10 M ok Q j z fifrZ JRNEYS D. C. MARSHALL. zscm APPARATUS run SUBMARINE BOATS.

APPUCATION FILED APR,- 20, 1915.

atented Feb. 29,1916,

4 SHEETS-QHEET 2.

WITNESSES 5 INVENTOR Jmg amwza/z,

ATTORNEYS u. c. MAR$HALL ESCAPE APPAR-AWS For: swwAmNE sons.

Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

4 SHEETS snitrs.

A'PFucAnoN FIILEDI APR. 20, 1915;

WIINESSESz INVENTQR 245 505 Zfizwhll,

j g/Maw I ATTORNEYS J D. C. MARSHALL. ESCAPE APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINE BOATS.

APPLICATION F ILED APILZO. I9I5.

Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

- INVEN'I'OR Dal tel 6'1 lfawfiall,

TTORN EYS WITNESSES Newark, in-thecounty eofEsseXanQ State siibma rine boat lies; This-carrier'oi'ffleies ofNew Jersey, have invented certa n new ratusfor Submarine Boatspend I doxhereb'y.

declare the following-to beajfulhciear, andfdanger' to the Walls thereof; and, regardless erence being had to the z ccompanyingdraws? marine boats; and theinveiition he'srefer ence, moreparticularly,to improvementsln marine boat, which is itself unable? to thessurface of the water, or bequ' c toypvovidea, simple, eompact andgea sil-yv m stelledand carried apparatus for eonheetio provide a pressure resisting carrierflor. eIe- To all whom it may concern:

will enable others skilledgin the art to which-J i The. present invention;

of the crew of e disabled end sunken sub; furthermore in'thenoveiarrangement and; k

side aid.

sage between the surfacelof 'thewater and.

' thus liberated froirreox'ifililement, "Within: the f iriew qfth e ciosed casingor vvelljn ch boat. 7 5. the releasable portionsxof the safety typef/vide in'connection witha'this' safety escape "cbverflt'he'reof beinQshownQ in its-normally boat to the surfzicebffthewater, and which 'floating .on the shrfecepfthe, Water above 1 i y h'evm e; msizsnetn or nnwemz, NEW JERSEY.

"ESCAPE AIBPAEATUS m sniamhnme oers.

' S'peemcationoilrettersjra tent Pate t d F b; i

. s ncah n mea s girze, 1915. sem mfeessos x 5 jsurfa ce of the, wateri vithout si1b -'.Q- 1 Be itknown that L D twm G. MARSHALL? I ected to" the effects of the pressure of thgq 1 p a citizen ofxthe; United States, residing at swate'nat the depth at Whichthe disabled A 60 I vatormember being of such novel coxistrpca and useful] Improvementsin Escape Appa;- ,it10n that itca'n read y. beahiiilledup and;

through e s p m g w th ut.)

of thewater pressure on said walls,-to and front. the'surface of the, water andfjth e sunkenboatzl f Qtherl bjects ofthe presents inventi0'n,'n0t-; ings, and to characters"; referencemarked afithis'time more particularlyenumereted5 thereon, which form a ppartcf this specifics-j I will bejeleariyundersteod from thefollbw 's tion. I ing detaileddescription' of the seine; j 5 relates; generally; 4 ,Wi'th the, various objects "of the present to improvements in safety; glevices for subrlj inventlon in jview, the same oonsistslf ria *nerilyfin the 'novel construction of 'sa ety" escape apparatus for submarine boatsfihere'e,

inefter seti forth and the invention consists} exact description of the inventions-suchass it appertains to make "and" use the seine, refs-e esca-pe exit means for removing ,theme nbens' mbi p s, V i i t structionof the said parts, o al of wh'lc will i be "more fully ',def cribedgin.- the iollowingfl, f speeifica'tion, and "then finallygembedi d; ,in 'thelclaiins which are'appendedgto and whjeh p f Qessential partiof.theseid s fie .ationg v The, invention is clearly illustrate,

raisedito the surface of the water bybnt The invention has for its prinoipel object with submarine boats; whichean'jbezlibe s sited from the interio'rl-of thee i infthe eventbf disaster overteking the same, andaccompanying d'rhwings in whiehz which eanbe raised to ithe,slijrfe;ee ofithe 'Figure'l is euverticallongitudinal ction waiter independently ofthebdat'f'sogyastoes-Jot thejnovel'eonstnietioiibfeseeperappems= tablish a communicating water tight pastus'as connected 'with th hull of aflsnb; marihe boat, the same being I thfeinterior of the boatjvandthroiighwhich" tpwzand embodying theQpriIiiplesqo hef the members ofthes drew maybe raised;gand p1'e'sfent,;-invehtion.1 "Fig. 2; is {as plain r op f o Another object of this inventionis to pr'o; a paratus arevconfined, theha'teh or Well apparatus a tackle carrying float or bi oy elosedmositionw 'FigrB is a side elevation I which, when iiberateifwilh convey to the of {t sunken submarine boat, showingathe Surface lines or 'taciilevfcr haulingflupcthe .hateh icover ef the; well 01 casihg inope n safety escape apparatus from the sunken positiom and the tackle carryinga fioatior;

buoy liberated from-the well ,or casing so" V W .as toeerry upa. line froin theboat, as well, as to indicate its positienYor vicinityifFi'g. 4 is e similarview but shoiving rese'iie'y shipsiitthe surface ,abov'e the sunkn sub-w in'arinegand'" the escape" apparatus: raised- 1 from the hitter and ready fer use. ,LFiQ/fijj is, an elevation or side view ofa novel c'irrier I t or elevator member; positioned inthei spas -j sage of said; escdpe apparatus as operated c to: carry a membienof the submarine crew will at the sametime serve to, i'ocate the'; vicinity of the disabledysubmeri'ne boat the same. 1/: i

- A further object of the nvention 15" to vator member into which the members. Of the crew mafienter, and in Which they may be hoisted tlfl'ou'gh the escape passage provided by the safety escape apparatus} to the therethrough to the surface. of the water. Fig. (l is an end view of said novel carrier or elevator member. Fig. 7 is a detail section through the wall of the casing or well and the deck of the submarine boat, and illustrating a water admission valve operatable from within the submarine boat to admit water into said casing or well before the hatch or cover thereof opened.

Similar characters of reference are employed in all of tlie hcreinabove described views to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to said drawings, the referenceclniracter 1 indicates the dcclcportion of the hull of a submarine boat Built in connection with the said deck-portion 1 is a well or casing The upper portion of said casing or well 3 preferably projects above the level of said deck-portion; while its lower 'end projects downwardly through said deck-portion and partially into the interior of the boat. The lower or inner end of said casing or well 3 is closed by a Jet;- manent bottom partition or wall *1. onnected with said bottom partition or wallfll is a tubular hatch-way 5, the upper end of which projects into said casing or well 3. The lower end of said tubular hatch-way 5 .is normally closed by a hermetically sealed door or hatch-plate (5 secured thereto by any suitable means and in any convenient mailner. Telescoping over the upper end of said tubular hatchay 5, which extends upwardly into said well or casing 3 and securely attached thereto by any suitable means such as, for example the riveted clamp-liiand 7, is the lower end of a foldable or collapsible tubular body 8 the interior of which provides a safety escape or exit passage from which water is excluded. A. suitable length of said tubular body 8 is folded and piled up in a compact collapsed form within the interior of said well or cas ing 3; a suitable shelf, as 9, may be provided for its proper support, and thus the said tubular body is normally stowed away when not in userbut in a manner which renders it quickly a vaila ble for use in case of the sinking of the submarine boat. Passing through the interior of said tubular body 8, and extending tlie rethrough even when collapsed and noriui'i'lly stowcdrin the well or casing 3 a light line or rope 10, the purpose of which will be subsequently explained. The outer or free end 11 ofsaid tubular-body 8 is normally sealed or closed in any suitable manner against the entrance of water therein when the same is hauled up to the surface as will subsequently be described. To the outer or free end 11 of said tubular body 8 secured, in any suitable manner, one end of a stout hawscr or cable 12, which is normall ycoiled up compactly so as to be stowed in said casing or well 3 above the folded and stowed tubular body 8. Secured to the opposite or free end of said hawser or cable 12 is alight line or rope 13, which is also normally coiled up compactly so as to be stowed in said casing or well 3 above the stowed collapsed tubular body 8. Secured to the opposite or free end of said light line or rope 13 is a buoy ll which is normally stowed away in said casing or well 3. The outer or upper end of said well or Easing 3 is provided with a marginal coaming 15 which provides a seat portion 16 upon which is normally seated a gate or cover-member 17 which normally closes said casing or well 3 against the entrance of water therein, and the release of the buoy l t. A gasket 18 is interposed between said seat portion 16 and said gate or coverancmbcr 17 to render the,

same hermetically sealed and water tight. The means for supporting and operating said cover-member or gate 17 comprises a vertically mounted shaft '19, to the upper free end of which is secured a bracket menr ber 20 the radiating arms 21 of which extend over and are riveted to said cover-memher or gate 17 so as to support the same in connection with said shaft 19. A suitably disposed bracket-bearing .22 provides means for rotatably supporting the upper end of said shaft li). Mounted upon the lower end of said shaft 19 is an independently rotatable exteriorly threaded sleeve 23, which is mounted to screw up and down in a nutpiece 24 fixed in the deck-portion 1 of the submarine boat 2. As thus disposed the sleeve 23 projects downwardly into the interior of the submarine boat 2, and likewise the shaft 19 extends through said sleeve so that its lower end is disposed within the interior of the sulmuirine boat 2. The upper end of said sleeve 23 abuts against a fixed collar 23 secured to said shaft 19, so that any longitudinal upward movement of said sleeve is likewise imparted to said shaft.

The lower end of said sleeve is provided with a sockctcd collar 25 for the application of a capstan bar 25 thereto for turning said sleeve 23, and in like manner the lower end of said shaft is provided with a socketcd collar 26 for the same purpose. Of course 'it will be apparent that any other mechanical means may be employed for turning said sleeve and said shaft, hence I do not wish to be limited to the use of such sockctcd collars and capstan bars.

T he reference character .27 indicates a latch member or clamp for engaging the opposite end of said cover-member or gate 17 to hold the same securely pressed down upon its seat in closed relation to said casing or well 3. The hub 28 of this latch member or "clamp :2? is fixed upon the upper end of ii verticallv extending rotatable shaft 2!), A suitably disposed bracket-lamring 30 provides means for rotatabtv supporting the upper end of said shaft 29. Mounted upon j Ithellower end of said shaftj ansgi'nde V pendentlyici rotatable :;exterior1y' {threaded j of said sleeve31ifisflikgwise imparted*t"said vided with a socketed collari 33 forth app ca'tionof a capstan bar l' thelreto fdrtilr I ing said sleeve 31 ;;and1in;likewmannerft I constructed to be lglravvns, up and zsdownu,

body, 8 when the escape he s'aidjcarrierkor ele-g dapted toecarry 1 the members of the crew I f "a sunken submarine, one aha time; thnou h :theiitnbnlarfbodyfi to Thesaicl eerrien or v;

" the sl r'face' of the; Waterssuitable material;

' "secured for the?ittachmentfofetheihaulinlines 44 and lgfiytheretb. 1' ,The s' a-id;he'ids 512; may be further provided -with ilongiti dinally,

i s y into the interior Ijof;"the,,xsubrnarine';boat.2,

- and likewlse theslmft 29;: extends through it said sleeve soethatfits lower iendz is -disposed 1o V V The upper;end ofhsaid sleeveBlhbntsziigginst the admissionofthe sea:Water'awl1en}the,-su v sleeve 31-, which isltnountedto;serew up and down in a"niit-plecekl32l;ifixed inffthet n'deck: portion 1 .ofesaidjsnbmarine boat 2. Asfthus disposed theirslee ve E31vprojects downwardlwithin the interior :of nthe jsubn eri e boat; 2.

a1fixedx collar 31(71SGCUIBd to; sai'd fshafti 2 so that tiny longitudinaliupward movement shaft. The'-lowerglend;iof said' sleeve 11 lower-rend of, sai gshaft 29: -isprqvided with a socketed .C 011a1f3f1ff0lf thejsame'ipnrpose.- Of course, otherinechanicalmeansforytilrna provitled'fiiwithoutadepartingqfrom The 'reference':.-character 35 indieetes. an inlet pipe connectedfwithnnd eom'municat the outer end i iof w the ifsamevibeing: ppen to 35 is providedii wvith a iz- -wateflj admission" or" gate valve 36, the operating stem 37 of'which is inclosed in a sleeve 38 Whieh 'extend s, down through theideck-portion of the/submarine;

boat so thatth'e handle 39 ;o'f- ;thelsaine is located Within itheiinterior of athebogt therei fore rendering iitvzpossiblesto open. said valve as from withinlthe oatsoasitoigdrnitvvateri The reference cher act'en 40iihdicates hisuih .able earner orselevatopmeniber,*whlch 1s through the tubular apparatus is inilse vator v member 40;1s

elevator member-f Lb'e rnnde in any" (1 sirableimm or 'oi i'structrohQand i" of any;

the preferable "con fiction r is; to irnakeithe carrjer or elevato emberfingth x hollow eylindricallbodfli?ofndetzgllie tion, providedfwitli an openih'gfll giving em r r trance thereto, soth twmemb r fzt I may enter the sameand"standhpnght there-i I be providedwithgconicalwheads"42,450

ends of which 'thegdra ft-eyes or rings 543 m extending ribs 46 on their, exterior Su iface, sothat the tritiontofthe icontactjof said hea s with rthefinsicle of eim ans r saididj sleevefilgandshaft 29 gnaw is rented; edgewise orh'q c ,zbntgilly ,throughtheiymtezfiaandiewayifromth month i ir lseito, the A surface of i the;

submarine boat o 2, thus mar-kin tlon of the same, I and warning sh hoivn thedifziivings i r; thretowandl take sings the 21011037 14 crew ging out of-theiw'ell or ica si ng 3 l injvvhicli'{itfl is stowed in collapsedicfondition I )The ;'free i I engldll of the tlibularrbodyfi uponeInerging vfd Ji t-h. 5' g 15- re te a in d ivel c member o n gatee thuseqnalizi ,pres-y snr eathereqn, andtrendering easy of:zicc plishment theraising iof the Isa n1 sent. After; said flcoverfinemberlytar/gate thns beengi, nisedf irom itsl seatythe v member, 2711s txirned 'a weyfromvholding ien-i gegementflwithz the jsaine bycrot tingseid; v shaft 29, and then'by tatihgisaid shaft 19 infla csimilar ,mannen the mi eve member And of the drawings) The vwell ,or Teasing rh avin thus opened-the busy 14 is liberete thereon above the; vicinity, o

:Surfaee -0f -the; plightjof thesubnia ne' In ri sing to the nsur'face,thebiioy L upwa y h" t 't ht z n rils W Qperation'is"illustrated more particularly;

H 3150f the raw .w PL hf-Rs I ayvser 01' cablef12ltejpwhichis att chedfthe' "f 'ee end of the tubular l-body' 1 The hziiv izable l2azmayi theng-ibeconnect aekle ofia derrick}? ofgt he resell sh p 8; V

dmwn ptot eis fachf he" be ,rizig ngup t erewithsthe ree tiibul aifebody 8 ftdthefsurfaoe, 'th' from the surface may be opened, and then suitably supported at the side of the rescue ships as illustrated inore particularly by F slot the accompanying drawings. The line 10 passing" through said tulmlar-body 8 may thus be connected with a suitably sized cable or hawser l4, and the crew of the sulnnarine when signaled may haul down this cable or hawser n, which can be then attached to the upper head 42,0 5 the carrier or elevator-member 40. The hatch-plate 6 having in the meantime been opened the carrier or 'elevator member 40 may be inserted therethrough, and the cable or hawser 45 connected with the lower head of the carrier or elevator member 40. A member of the crew of the submarine may now enter the carrier or elevatormemher, and the same may then be pulled through the interior of said tubular-body 8, which provides an escape passage 50, by means of the derriclts of the rescue ship.

If the pressure of the water upon the exterior side of the walls of the tubular-body 8 tends to flatten the same together, the conical heads 420i the carrier or elevatormember, as it pushes against the inner side of the same under the raising force applied thereto, will readily push or spread the walls of the tubular-body S'apart, so as to render easy and assured the quick upward passage of the carrier or elevator-member 40 with the member of the crew therein, who is also protected against the pressure of the water by the inclosing rigid sides of said carrier or elevator member 40. The

said carrier or elevator member 40 may he returned to the submarine boat 2 through the escape passage 50 ot' the tubular-body S, by pulling downwardly on the cable 45 from within the boat 2; thus returningthe carrier or elevator member to the submarine boat so that the ilext member of the crew may enter therein and be conveyed to the surface of the water, and so the above operations of the escape apparatus may be repeated until all the crew of thesuhmarine boat have been rescued. In returning the carrier or elevatoun'ieniber to the sub marine boat 2 through the tubular-body 8. the lower conical head of the former will readily spread or open the latter to the passsage thereof, even against great external water pressure on the. exterior side of the tubular-body 8.

From the above description it will be clearly evident that the present invention provides a simple compact, and easily operated rescue or escape apparatus adapted to be carried by the submarine boat itself, and readily released to communication with the surface of the water, so as to be accessible to, and afford means to a rescue ship for communication with and the rescue of the imprisoned crew of the submarine boat.

The carrier or elevator member may be carried by the. submarine boat, and it may also be supplied to rescue ships as an extra equipment.

Of course, the various forms of construction of the diil'erent parts of my novel es cape apparatus for submarine boats may be widely varied, as well as the combinations and arrangements of such parts, hence I in tend to claim the apparatus generically, and do not limit myself to the precise construction of the details thereof, nor the precise arrangement and combination of the .parts thereof. I therefore do not limit my invention to the exact arrangements and combinations of the various parts or to the exact details of said parts as descrilied in the foregoing specification, nor do 1 hunt the 1nvent1on to the exact details of the construction of said parts as illustrated in the ing stowed in said well, a buoy normally confined in said well, flexible connecting means securing said buoy wlth the free end of said tubular-body, a line passing longitudinally through said tubular-body, a

cover-member for normally closing said well,"and means for removing said covermembcr from closed relation to said well operatable from within the interior of said boat.

2.-An escape apparatus for submarine boats comprising a, hatchway formed in connection with the deck-"portion of said boat, a hatch-plate for normally closing .said hatch-way, a. collapsible tubular-body broviding an escape passage secured by its lower end to said hatcliway and in com munication therewith. a normally closed compartment aboveisaid hatch ay for stowing said tubular-body when collapsed, a buoy in said compartment, a light line connected with said buoy and stowed in said compartment above said collapsed tubularbodv, a heavy cable connected with the free end of said colla used body and stowed above the same insaid col'npartment, said heavy cable being connected with the opposite end of said light line. a cover-memher for normallv closing said eonn'mrtment to normally retain therein said buoy, tubular-body and interconnecting parts. mechanism for removing said covemncmberfrom closing re lation to said compartment operatable from line normally extending through and stowed with said tubular-body, a normally closed hatchway between the lower end of said tubular-body and the interior of said boat, hauling lines connected with the free end of said tubular-body whereby the free end of the latter may be hauled upward to the surface of the water and as thus extended provide an escape passage therethrough in communication with the interior of said boat, a buoy connected with said hauling lines for conveying the latter to the surface of the water,' a normally closed compart ment for stowing said buoy, collapsed tubular-body and interconnecting hauling lines,

and a removable cover-member for normally closing said compartment, means operatable from within the submarine boat for removmg said cover member to release said buoy and opening said compartment for the with-,

drawal and extension of said tubular-body therefrom.

4. An escape apparatus fori submarine boats comprising a collapsible tubular-body connected by its lower end withsaid boat, a' line normally extending through and stowed with said tubular-body, a normally closed hatchway between the lower end of c said tubular-body and the interior of said boat, hauling lines connected withthe free end of said tubular-body whereby the free end of the latter may be hauled upward to the surface of the water and as thus extended provide an escape passage therethrough in communication with the interior of said boat, a buoy connected with said hauling lines for conveying the latter to the surface vof the water, a normally closed compartment for stowing said buoy, collapsed tubular-body and interconnecting hauling lines,

a removable cover-member for normally closing said compartment, means operatable from within the submarine boatfor removing said cover-member to release said buoy and opening said compartment for'the withdrawal and extension of said tubular-body therefrom, and an elevator-member adaptforththrough the escape passage of said tubular-body when the latter is extended for use.

5. An escape apparatus for submarine boats comprising a collapsible tubular-body ed to'be inserted in and-passed back and p connected by its lower end with said boat, a

line normally extending through and stowed with said "tubular-body, a normally closed hatohway between the lower end of said tubular-body and the interior of said boat, hauling lines connected with the free end of said tubular-body whereby the free end of the latter may be hauled upward to the surface of the water and as thus extended provide an escape passage ,therethrough in comniunication with the interior of said boat, a

buoy connected with said'hauling lines for conveying the latter to the surface of the water, a normally closed compartment. for

stowing said buoy, collapsed tubular-body and'int erconnecting hauling lines, a removable cover-member for normally closing said compartment, means operatable from within the submarine boat for removing said cover-member to release said buoy and opening said compartment for the withdrawal and extension of said tubular-body therefrom, and an elevator-member adapted to be inserted inand passed back and forth through the escape passage of'said'tubularbody whenthe latter is extended for use, said elevator-member comprising a cylindrical shell having an opening giving entrance thereto, a conical head at each-end of said for attaching hauling cables thereto. 3

In testimony, that I claim the invention I set forth above I havehereunto set this l7th'day of April, 1915. y DAVID C. MARSH L. Witnesses; I

' GEORGE D. RICHARDS,

FR DK. N. W. FRAENTZEL.

my hand shell, and means connected with each head 

